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This paper an analysis of MANET routing protocols' behavior in realistic
environments. The motivation of this study was due to our previous testbed
experimentations where we found that AODV and DSDV's performance did
not match simulation results, primarily due to the use of a simple radio
propagation model that did not take into account transient links caused
by small-scale fading. Henceforth, we extended the ns-2 simulator
with a realistic radio propagation model, that incorporated Rayleigh
fading, to gain insights into the impact of transient links on AODV, DSR,
and DSDV's behaviour. Our simulation studies explain each protocol's key
behavior that leads to the following conclusions: (1) routing through stable
routes is important, (2) hop count is the root cause of poor performance,
(3) the 2-ray ground radio propagation model is inappropriate for simulating
ad-hoc protocols in indoor environments, and (4) local recovery is important.
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