Novel Joint Routing and Scheduling Algorithms for Minimizing End-to-End Delays in Multi Tx-Rx Wireless Mesh Networks

Multiple Transmit (Tx) or Receive (Rx) capability is a significant advance in wireless communications. This so called MTR capability allows the creation of Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) that are ideal for use as a high-speed wireless backbone that spans vast geographical areas. A fundamental problem, however, is deriving a minimal transmission schedule or superframe that yields low end-to-end delays, with the primary constraint that routers are not allowed to Tx {\em and} Rx simultaneously. In this paper, we consider a joint routing and link scheduling approach that addresses two fundamental issues that influence end-to-end delays: superframe length and transmission slot order. Shortening the superframe length, in terms of slots, is expected to minimize the inter-link activation time whilst reordering transmission slots increases the likelihood that links on a path are activated consecutively. We propose two algorithms. The first called JRS-Multi-DEC uses a novel metric to minimize the load of each link whilst the second, called JRS-BIP, uses a binary integer program approach. Both algorithms aim to minimize the overall delay and use slot re-ordering on the resulting schedule to further reduce delay. Numerical results show both algorithms are able to reduce the average end-to-end delay by approximately 50\% as compared to a non joint routing algorithm.